Chapter Overview

Most people today, even those who know very little about microbiology, are familiar with the concept of microbes, or “germs,” and their role in human health. Schoolchildren learn about bacteria, viruses, and other microorganisms, and many even view specimens under a microscope. But a few hundred years ago, before the invention of the microscope, the existence of many types of microbes was impossible to prove. By definition, microorganisms, or microbes, are very small organisms; many types of microbes are too small to see without a microscope, though some parasites and fungi are visible to the naked eye.

Microbiology knowledge is critically relevant in medical device reprocessing because it enables professionals to understand how microorganisms—such as bacteria, viruses, fungi, and spores—survive, spread, and cause infections. This knowledge helps in selecting the correct cleaning, disinfection, and sterilization methods to eliminate these pathogens effectively. It also informs the importance of breaking the chain of infection, recognizing biofilm formation, understanding microbial resistance, and ensuring that reprocessing environments prevent contamination or cross-infection.

Any one working in health care needs an understanding of microbiology in order to provide not only safe patient care, but also ensure their own safety. Medical device reprocessing technicians also require this understanding to work effectively, thoroughly, and safely on a day-to-day basis. This importance will be discussed and related to microbiology basics that will be explored in this chapter.