Introduction

Learning Outcomes

By the end of this chapter, you should be able to

• Solve problems that involve linear measurement using

• • SI and imperial units of measure
  • Estimation strategies
  • Measurement strategies

• Apply proportional reasoning to problems that involve conversions between SI and imperial units of measure
• Solve problems using SI and imperial units that involve the surface area and volume of 3-D objects, including

• • Right cylinders
  • Right prisms

• Apply the primary trigonometric ratios (sine, cosine, tangent) to solve problems that involve right triangles

Unit Overview

In this unit, you will learn about the topics of measurement and trigonometry. You will learn how to convert within and between two widely used systems of measurement, calculate perimeter, area, surface area, and volume, and solve for side lengths and angles in a right triangle. You will notice in this unit that both of these branches of mathematics have numerous real-world applications.

Measurement is used in our daily lives when we weigh the potatoes we are going to buy at the grocery store, cook our favourite recipes, and calculate the amount of time it will take to bike to school. A company that needs to package a product would likely consider the optimal surface area for aesthetics and functionality. To understand the ecosystem of a lake or river, scientists may need to measure the volume of the body of water.

Trigonometry is used by GPS satellites to determine your position on Earth. As well, trigonometry can be used in music theory to model sound waves and frequencies.