Module 1: Building community and student engagement online (Light)
The light version of this module is designed to assist you in building community and student engagement in your online course.
Please note: Unless you specifically desire our feedback, you will not need to update us of your progress or share back results with the cohort. However, if you would like to experience what sharing with an online cohort looks like, your contributions are essential to creating that spirit.
If you want to delve in deeper into the topic, you can access the comprehensive module with additional activities and resources here.
Instructions:
- Read through the guiding questions.
- Section 1: What is community building?
- Read about a theoretical model that provides a rationale for community building: Community of Inquiry model
- Watch a short video
- Section 2: Why should we care about building community?
- Read a blogpost
- Section 3: How can we build community in our online classrooms?
- Watch a short video about strategies for building community
- Read through some community building tips
- Section 4: Extend your learning with curated links
- Section 5: Sample activity
- Section 1: What is community building?
Time: Depending on your level of engagement, this page should take you about 2-3 hours.
- Why is community building important in online teaching and learning contexts?
- What are strategies for community building in an online course?
- How can I use or adapt strategies for my own online course?
- When and where can one use community building strategies in online courses?
- What kinds of strategies will be most effective for my own course?
- Which strategies most closely align with my own teaching philosophy?
- What are the theoretical frameworks that underlie community building in online teaching and learning?
Section 1: What is community building online?
Before considering the question of why community building is important in online teaching and learning contexts, we need to define what we mean by learning community. We generally feel that we’re a part of a community when we feel connected to others who share some of our interests or values. In higher education, robust learning communities are formed when they include the elements of learning, belonging, and connectedness.
One the most influential frameworks for considering community building in online teaching and learning is the Community of Inquiry (CoI) framework. Take a look at the infographic below to learn about each presence. Click on the + signs for more information:
1. Community of Inquiry
For a succinct summary of the CoI three presences, see the Community of Inquiry Framework in the Facilitating Teaching and Learning Module of this course.
Because it relates directly to our discussion about online community building, the next section invites you to take a closer look at one of the three presences in the CoI framework, Teaching presence.
Watch this interactive video (10-15 minutes) of online educator Dr. Mark Kassel discuss the strategies for having a strong teaching presence in online courses. As you watch, consider how a teaching presence may help students reach their learning goals in your course.
Section 2: Why should we build community in online courses?
Why should professors care about creating this sense of community in their classrooms? Building community in your online course…
- increases student retention (Tinto, 1997),
- improves student learning and satisfaction (Liu et al., 2007; Yuan & Kim, 2014).
- improves student engagement (Wladis et al., 2017; Di Ramio & Wolverton, 2006; Liu et al., 2007; Vesley, et al., 2007; Anderson, 2017).
Reading: Read the following blog post by Catherine Denial on the Pedagogy of Kindness where she talks about how her own teaching philosophy has changed over the course of her career. (20 – 30 minutes)
Section 3: How can I build community online?
In this section, you will be asked to watch a video and review strategies in an infographic.
Watch this interview (interactive video — 20 minutes) where scholar and online educator, Dr. Maha Bali, describes her concept of intentionally equitable hospitality and discusses strategies for building community in online classrooms. You will be asked to answer questions at intervals throughout the video. As you watch keep the guiding questions in mind:
- How can I use or adapt these strategies for my own online course?
- What kinds of strategies will be most effective for my own course?
- Which strategies most closely align with my own teaching philosophy?
*Note that this YouTube video was made interactive by using H5P. Learn more about H5P here.
Strategies for community building in online courses
The following infographic provides a summary of some key strategies and considerations for community building. Consider how you might incorporate some of these into your own course.
Reflection:
At this point, having read the articles, watched a couple of videos and examined infographics, what strategies resonate most with you and why? Have you tried any of these strategies in an online environment? Post your responses in our module discussion forum here [new tab].
Section 4: Extend your learning
This last section provides you with a list of some resources for building community and student engagement online in the following themes:
- Team work/Group work
- Facilitating online discussions
Teamwork or Group work resources:
- Learn more about a framework for using structured group work that has gained widespread use in higher education, Team-Based Learning (TBL) (Michaelsen, L.K. et al, 2004). Although TBL was not designed for an online environment, most of its principles and structures have been easily adapted to the online environment. Take time to reflect on whether or not this kind of approach might work in your course. Keep in mind, this is only one possible model for structuring group work. (20-30 minutes)
- Learn more about Team Based Learning at the University of Vanderbilt’s Center for Teaching.
- The University of Waterloo has put together some great resources on the following:
- Helping students be better team members.
- Building community in large classes.
- Collaborative online learning
- This article by Mark Lieberman for Inside Higher Ed looks provides an overview of online group projects.
Team project and peer feedback/assessment tools (e.g. rubrics, checklists, contracts, samples, etc.):
- Sample rubric provided by the LinkResearchLab.
- Webpage from Carnegie Melon University with many group and peer assessment tools.
- Australia’s University of New South Wales has compiled a resource page including videos, case studies, and rubrics for peer assessment here.
- George Brown College provides this sample of a Team contract.
- University of Waterloo’s Group Contracts.
Facilitating online discussions
Suggested resources on facilitating effective online discussions:
- See University of Waterloo’s resource on Fostering Effective Discussions online.
- The University of New South Wales has an excellent web-page on assessing by discussion board with many sample rubrics and other tools.
- This recent article by Steven Mintz has some great suggestions for improving the quality of online discussions.
- See Stanford University’s guide for creating effective discussion questions.
- For a unique take on using discussion boards in online courses, see University of Waterloo professor, James Skidmore’s blog post on Learning Through Discussion.
- The McGill Teaching and Learning Centre has an excellent resource for more general teaching strategies to generate discussion (it’s not specific to online but many techniques are transferable.
Section 5: Sample Activity
The following is an example of an interactive activity you could use in your own online classroom. This sample activity was used in the previous version of the comprehensive version of this course. The topic is about teaching philosophy, but you could easily modify it for your own classroom.
Sample activity: Teaching Metaphor Gallery Wall
Time: Approximately 20 to 30 minutes
For this activity, you are asked to consider your own teaching philosophy towards community building in the online classroom and choose a metaphor that best represents this philosophy.
Instructions:
Step 1: Reflect on your teaching philosophy towards community building as a part of online learning.
Step 2: Find an image (click here to open a new page in this resource) that best represents a metaphor for your philosophy towards community building in online courses. You will find an example in the link below.
Step 3: Post your image with a brief description of what it represents on our collaborative gallery wall.
Step 4: Once a few peers have posted, comment on at least one other participants image.
Click here to begin the activity.
Reflections:
Having come to the end of this Light module, feel free to post any reflections, concerns, or questions in the our module discussion forum here [new tab]..
If you wish to learn more about building community and student engagement in your online course, you can access the comprehensive module with additional activities and resources here.
a theory of learning that illustrates the process of creating a meaningful and engaging learning experience through developing social, cognitive, and teaching presence.
a collaborative, instructional method that bases a teaching strategy on putting students in small groups to build autonomy and responsibility in their learning.